![]() There are other things that go on inside each component, but they are neglected for simplicity, since the final result would not be that different if they are included. Steady Flow: that the mass of fluid flowing through the system is constant everywhereīoundary Work: only consider changes that happen across the boundary of each component. Steady State: the state of the fluid does not change with time. Isobaric: Constant pressure considered when analyzing the steam generator and condenser Isentropic: Adiabatic and reversible (without any of the above irreversibilities) or no change in entropy. The concepts and vocabulary needed to consider the system ideal are: After analyzing each state of the cycle, we will calculate the work we put in and work we got out, as well as the heat we put in, allowing us to calculate how efficient the cycle we used in the example was. These, along with many other circumstances that just arise naturally take away from our ability to transfer all of the heat and work we put in to usable heat and work. These include, friction created between the fluid and component, component structure imperfections, impure fluid, and heat loss/ fluid leakage to the environment. In each component there are characteristics that make the cycle as a whole less capable of creating energy. In reality there are dozens of things that would have to be accounted for to get an exact calculation, but they will be ignored for now in order to get a fundamental understanding of the cycle itself.įirst, it is important to mention a few of the aspects of the cycle that make it less than 100% efficient, called irreversibilities. The reason that we say we are analyzing a "Simple, Ideal Rankine Cycle" is because it is exactly that simplified and ideal. This is especially true in the analysis of the Rankine Cycle. Engineers tend to make these assumptions when analyzing systems, in order to have an accurate representation of what is going on, but the fact is that nothing ever works out exactly how we expect or calculate, and does not act the same way every time. Additionally, there are some things throughout the cycle analysis that we will consider to be 'ideal' meaning they work without any imperfections. In order to easily analyze the Rankine Cycle, there are many idealizations that engineers commonly make, so that the system can be understood in ideal situations. Pump: Pressurizes the saturated liquid back up to the pressure of the turbine by bringing work back into the system, turning to a highly pressurized liquid which is usually referred to as a "compressed liquid.”įinally, the fluid goes back through the steam generator at constant pressure to return to a superheated vapor. This state is otherwise known as “saturated liquid.” Turbine: The pressure is increased, resulting in a drop in temperature, and producing mechanical work that leaves the system to be used.Ĭondenser: Operates at a constant pressure where heat is released into the environment, compressing the state of the fluid back down to a liquid-gas mixture, that is mostly liquid. Steam generator: Turns the fluid at room temperature and pressure, to vapor or steam at an extremely high temperature, usually termed "superheated vapor.” Each component changes the state and properties of the fluid that moves through it, by adding and taking away heat and work, in order to transfer energy from heat to work. ![]() ![]() The Rankine cycle consists of four different components: a steam generator of some kind (for example, a boiler), a steam turbine, and condenser, and a pump. ![]() Heat engines are commonly found in things like trains and air conditioners. This cycle in particular is used to predict the work produced by a steam turbine system in a heat engine. The Rankine Cycle is one of many thermodynamic cycles that is used to produce mechanical work.
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